552 lines
23 KiB
XML
552 lines
23 KiB
XML
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-release-20.09">
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<title>Release 20.09 (“Nightingale”, 2020.09/??)</title>
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-release-20.09-highlights">
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<title>Highlights</title>
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<para>
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In addition to numerous new and upgraded packages, this release has the
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following highlights:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Support is planned until the end of April 2021, handing over to 21.03.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>GNOME desktop environment was upgraded to 3.36, see its <link xlink:href="https://help.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.36/">release notes</link>.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<package>maxx</package> package removed along with <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.maxx</varname> module.
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Please migrate to <package>cdesktopenv</package> and <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.cde</varname> module.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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We now distribute a GNOME ISO.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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PHP now defaults to PHP 7.4, updated from 7.3.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Python 3 now defaults to Python 3.8 instead of 3.7.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Two new options, <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommand">authorizedKeysCommand</link>
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and <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommandUser">authorizedKeysCommandUser</link>, have
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been added to the <literal>openssh</literal> module. If you have <literal>AuthorizedKeysCommand</literal>
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in your <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.extraConfig">services.openssh.extraConfig</link> you should
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make use of these new options instead.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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There is a new module for Podman(<varname>virtualisation.podman</varname>), a drop-in replacement for the Docker command line.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The new <varname>virtualisation.containers</varname> module manages configuration shared by the CRI-O and Podman modules.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Declarative Docker containers are renamed from <varname>docker-containers</varname> to <varname>virtualisation.oci-containers.containers</varname>.
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This is to make it possible to use <literal>podman</literal> instead of <literal>docker</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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MariaDB has been updated to 10.4, MariaDB Galera to 26.4.
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Before you upgrade, it would be best to take a backup of your database.
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For MariaDB Galera Cluster, see <link xlink:href="https://mariadb.com/kb/en/upgrading-from-mariadb-103-to-mariadb-104-with-galera-cluster/">Upgrading
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from MariaDB 10.3 to MariaDB 10.4 with Galera Cluster</link> instead.
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Before doing the upgrade read <link xlink:href="https://mariadb.com/kb/en/upgrading-from-mariadb-103-to-mariadb-104/#incompatible-changes-between-103-and-104">Incompatible
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Changes Between 10.3 and 10.4</link>.
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After the upgrade you will need to run <literal>mysql_upgrade</literal>.
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MariaDB 10.4 introduces a number of changes to the authentication process, intended to make things easier and more
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intuitive. See <link xlink:href="https://mariadb.com/kb/en/authentication-from-mariadb-104/">Authentication from MariaDB 10.4</link>.
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unix_socket auth plugin does not use a password, and uses the connecting user's UID instead. When a new MariaDB data directory is initialized, two MariaDB users are
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created and can be used with new unix_socket auth plugin, as well as traditional mysql_native_password plugin: root@localhost and mysql@localhost. To actually use
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the traditional mysql_native_password plugin method, one must run the following:
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<programlisting>
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services.mysql.initialScript = pkgs.writeText "mariadb-init.sql" ''
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ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD("verysecret");
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'';
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</programlisting>
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When MariaDB data directory is just upgraded (not initialized), the users are not created or modified.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-release-20.09-new-services">
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<title>New Services</title>
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<para>
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The following new services were added since the last release:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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There is a new <xref linkend="opt-security.doas.enable"/> module that provides <command>doas</command>, a lighter alternative to <command>sudo</command> with many of the same features.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</section>
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities">
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<title>Backward Incompatibilities</title>
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<para>
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When upgrading from a previous release, please be aware of the following
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incompatible changes:
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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<literal>buildGoModule</literal> now internally creates a vendor directory
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in the source tree for downloaded modules instead of using go's <link
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xlink:href="https://golang.org/cmd/go/#hdr-Module_proxy_protocol">module
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proxy protocol</link>. This storage format is simpler and therefore less
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likekly to break with future versions of go. As a result
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<literal>buildGoModule</literal> switched from
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<literal>modSha256</literal> to the <literal>vendorSha256</literal>
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attribute to pin fetched version data. <literal>buildGoModule</literal>
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still accepts <literal>modSha256</literal> with a warning, but support will
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be removed in the next release.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Grafana is now built without support for phantomjs by default. Phantomjs support has been
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<link xlink:href="https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/guides/whats-new-in-v6-4/">deprecated in Grafana</link>
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and the <package>phantomjs</package> project is
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/issues/15344#issue-302015362">currently unmaintained</link>.
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It can still be enabled by providing <literal>phantomJsSupport = true</literal> to the package instanciation:
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<programlisting>{
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services.grafana.package = pkgs.grafana.overrideAttrs (oldAttrs: rec {
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phantomJsSupport = false;
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});
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}</programlisting>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The <link linkend="opt-services.supybot.enable">supybot</link> module now uses <literal>/var/lib/supybot</literal>
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as its default <link linkend="opt-services.supybot.stateDir">stateDir</link> path if <literal>stateVersion</literal>
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is 20.09 or higher. It also enables number of
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<link xlink:href="https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.exec.html#Sandboxing">systemd sandboxing options</link>
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which may possibly interfere with some plugins. If this is the case you can disable the options through attributes in
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<option>systemd.services.supybot.serviceConfig</option>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The <literal>security.duosec.skey</literal> option, which stored a secret in the
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nix store, has been replaced by a new
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<link linkend="opt-security.duosec.secretKeyFile">security.duosec.secretKeyFile</link>
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option for better security.
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</para>
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<para>
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<literal>security.duosec.ikey</literal> has been renamed to
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<link linkend="opt-security.duosec.integrationKey">security.duosec.integrationKey</link>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The initrd SSH support now uses OpenSSH rather than Dropbear to
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allow the use of Ed25519 keys and other OpenSSH-specific
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functionality. Host keys must now be in the OpenSSH format, and at
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least one pre-generated key must be specified.
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</para>
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<para>
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If you used the <option>boot.initrd.network.ssh.host*Key</option>
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options, you'll get an error explaining how to convert your host
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keys and migrate to the new
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<option>boot.initrd.network.ssh.hostKeys</option> option.
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Otherwise, if you don't have any host keys set, you'll need to
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generate some; see the <option>hostKeys</option> option
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documentation for instructions.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Since this release there's an easy way to customize your PHP
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install to get a much smaller base PHP with only wanted
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extensions enabled. See the following snippet installing a
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smaller PHP with the extensions <literal>imagick</literal>,
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<literal>opcache</literal>, <literal>pdo</literal> and
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<literal>pdo_mysql</literal> loaded:
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<programlisting>
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environment.systemPackages = [
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(pkgs.php.withExtensions
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({ all, ... }: with all; [
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imagick
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opcache
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pdo
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pdo_mysql
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])
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)
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];</programlisting>
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The default <literal>php</literal> attribute hasn't lost any
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extensions. The <literal>opcache</literal> extension has been
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added.
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All upstream PHP extensions are available under <package><![CDATA[php.extensions.<name?>]]></package>.
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</para>
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<para>
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All PHP <literal>config</literal> flags have been removed for
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the following reasons:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The updated <literal>php</literal> attribute is now easily
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customizable to your liking by using
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<literal>php.withExtensions</literal> or
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<literal>php.buildEnv</literal> instead of writing config files
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or changing configure flags.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The remaining configuration flags can now be set directly on
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the <literal>php</literal> attribute. For example, instead of
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<programlisting>
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php.override {
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config.php.embed = true;
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config.php.apxs2 = false;
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}
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</programlisting>
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you should now write
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<programlisting>
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php.override {
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embedSupport = true;
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apxs2Support = false;
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}
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Gollum received a major update to version 5.x and you may have to change
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some links in your wiki when migrating from gollum 4.x. More information
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can be found
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<link xlink:href="https://github.com/gollum/gollum/wiki/5.0-release-notes#migrating-your-wiki">here</link>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Deluge 2.x was added and is used as default for new NixOS
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installations where stateVersion is >= 20.09. If you are upgrading from a previous
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NixOS version, you can set <literal>service.deluge.package = pkgs.deluge-2_x</literal>
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to upgrade to Deluge 2.x and migrate the state to the new format.
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Be aware that backwards state migrations are not supported by Deluge.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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Add option <literal>services.nginx.enableSandbox</literal> to starting Nginx web server with additional sandbox/hardening options.
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By default, write access to <literal>services.nginx.stateDir</literal> is allowed. To allow writing to other folders,
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use <literal>systemd.services.nginx.serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths</literal>
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<programlisting>
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systemd.services.nginx.serviceConfig.ReadWritePaths = [ "/var/www" ];
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The NixOS options <literal>nesting.clone</literal> and
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<literal>nesting.children</literal> have been deleted, and
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replaced with named <xref linkend="opt-specialisation"/>
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configurations.
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</para>
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<para>
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Replace a <literal>nesting.clone</literal> entry with:
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<programlisting>{
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<link xlink:href="#opt-specialisation">specialisation.example-sub-configuration</link> = {
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<link xlink:href="#opt-specialisation._name_.configuration">configuration</link> = {
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...
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};
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};</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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Replace a <literal>nesting.children</literal> entry with:
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<programlisting>{
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<link xlink:href="#opt-specialisation">specialisation.example-sub-configuration</link> = {
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<link xlink:href="#opt-specialisation._name_.inheritParentConfig">inheritParentConfig</link> = false;
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<link xlink:href="#opt-specialisation._name_.configuration">configuration</link> = {
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...
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};
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};</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>
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To switch to a specialised configuration at runtime you need to
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run:
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<programlisting>
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# sudo /run/current-system/specialisation/example-sub-configuration/bin/switch-to-configuration test
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</programlisting>
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Before you would have used:
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<programlisting>
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# sudo /run/current-system/fine-tune/child-1/bin/switch-to-configuration test
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The Nginx log directory has been moved to <literal>/var/log/nginx</literal>, the cache directory
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to <literal>/var/cache/nginx</literal>. The option <literal>services.nginx.stateDir</literal> has
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been removed.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The httpd web server previously started its main process as root
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privileged, then ran worker processes as a less privileged identity user.
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This was changed to start all of httpd as a less privileged user (defined by
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<xref linkend="opt-services.httpd.user"/> and
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<xref linkend="opt-services.httpd.group"/>). As a consequence, all files that
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are needed for httpd to run (included configuration fragments, SSL
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certificates and keys, etc.) must now be readable by this less privileged
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user/group.
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</para>
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<para>
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The default value for <xref linkend="opt-services.httpd.mpm"/>
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has been changed from <literal>prefork</literal> to <literal>event</literal>. Along with
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this change the default value for
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<link linkend="opt-services.httpd.virtualHosts">services.httpd.virtualHosts.<name>.http2</link>
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has been set to <literal>true</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The <literal>systemd-networkd</literal> option
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<literal>systemd.network.networks.<name>.dhcp.CriticalConnection</literal>
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has been removed following upstream systemd's deprecation of the same. It is recommended to use
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<literal>systemd.network.networks.<name>.networkConfig.KeepConfiguration</literal> instead.
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See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The <literal>systemd-networkd</literal> option
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<literal>systemd.network.networks._name_.dhcpConfig</literal>
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has been renamed to
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<xref linkend="opt-systemd.network.networks._name_.dhcpV4Config"/>
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following upstream systemd's documentation change.
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See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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In the <literal>picom</literal> module, several options that accepted
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floating point numbers encoded as strings (for example
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<xref linkend="opt-services.picom.activeOpacity"/>) have been changed
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to the (relatively) new native <literal>float</literal> type. To migrate
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your configuration simply remove the quotes around the numbers.
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</para>
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</listitem>
|
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<listitem>
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<para>
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When using <literal>buildBazelPackage</literal> from Nixpkgs,
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<literal>flat</literal> hash mode is now used for dependencies
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instead of <literal>recursive</literal>. This is to better allow
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using hashed mirrors where needed. As a result, these hashes
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will have changed.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The rkt module has been removed, it was archived by upstream.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The <link xlink:href="https://bazaar.canonical.com">Bazaar</link> VCS is
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unmaintained and, as consequence of the Python 2 EOL, the packages
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<literal>bazaar</literal> and <literal>bazaarTools</literal> were
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removed. Breezy, the backward compatible fork of Bazaar (see the
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<link xlink:href="https://www.jelmer.uk/breezy-intro.html">announcement</link>),
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was packaged as <literal>breezy</literal> and can be used instead.
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</para>
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<para>
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Regarding Nixpkgs, <literal>fetchbzr</literal>,
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<literal>nix-prefetch-bzr</literal> and Bazaar support in Hydra will
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continue to work through Breezy.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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In addition to the hostname, the fully qualified domain name (FQDN),
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which consists of <literal>${cfg.hostName}</literal> and
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<literal>${cfg.domain}</literal> is now added to
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<literal>/etc/hosts</literal>, to allow local FQDN resolution, as used by the
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<literal>hostname --fqdn</literal> command and other applications that
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try to determine the FQDN. These new entries take precedence over entries
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from the DNS which could cause regressions in some very specific setups.
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Additionally the hostname is now resolved to <literal>127.0.0.2</literal>
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instead of <literal>127.0.1.1</literal> to be consistent with what
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<literal>nss-myhostname</literal> (from systemd) returns.
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The old behaviour can e.g. be restored by using
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<literal>networking.hosts = lib.mkForce { "127.0.1.1" = [ config.networking.hostName ]; };</literal>.
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>
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The hostname (<literal>networking.hostName</literal>) must now be a valid
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DNS label (see RFC 1035) and as such must not contain the domain part.
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This means that the hostname must start with a letter, end with a letter
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or digit, and have as interior characters only letters, digits, and
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|
hyphen. The maximum length is 63 characters. Additionally it is
|
|
recommended to only use lower-case characters.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The GRUB specific option <option>boot.loader.grub.extraInitrd</option>
|
|
has been replaced with the generic option
|
|
<option>boot.initrd.secrets</option>. This option creates a secondary
|
|
initrd from the specified files, rather than using a manually created
|
|
initrd file.
|
|
|
|
Due to an existing bug with <option>boot.loader.grub.extraInitrd</option>,
|
|
it is not possible to directly boot an older generation that used that
|
|
option. It is still possible to rollback to that generation if the required
|
|
initrd file has not been deleted.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
|
|
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
|
|
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
|
|
version="5.0"
|
|
xml:id="sec-release-20.09-notable-changes">
|
|
<title>Other Notable Changes</title>
|
|
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>SD and ISO images are now compressed by default using <literal>zstd</literal>.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<option>services.journald.rateLimitBurst</option> was updated from
|
|
<literal>1000</literal> to <literal>10000</literal> to follow the new
|
|
upstream systemd default.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <package>notmuch</package> package move its emacs-related binaries and
|
|
emacs lisp files to a separate output. They're not part
|
|
of the default <literal>out</literal> output anymore - if you relied on the
|
|
<literal>notmuch-emacs-mua</literal> binary or the emacs lisp files, access them via
|
|
the <literal>notmuch.emacs</literal> output.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The default output of <literal>buildGoPackage</literal> is now <literal>$out</literal> instead of <literal>$bin</literal>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Packages built using <literal>buildRustPackage</literal> now use <literal>release</literal>
|
|
mode for the <literal>checkPhase</literal> by default.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Please note that Rust packages utilizing a custom build/install procedure
|
|
(e.g. by using a <filename>Makefile</filename>) or test suites that rely on the
|
|
structure of the <filename>target/</filename> directory may break due to those assumptions.
|
|
For further information, please read the Rust section in the Nixpkgs manual.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The cc- and binutils-wrapper's "infix salt" and <literal>_BUILD_</literal> and <literal>_TARGET_</literal> user infixes have been replaced with with a "suffix salt" and suffixes and <literal>_FOR_BUILD</literal> and <literal>_FOR_TARGET</literal>.
|
|
This matches the autotools convention for env vars which standard for these things, making interfacing with other tools easier.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Additional Git documentation (HTML and text files) is now available via the <literal>git-doc</literal> package.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Default algorithm for ZRAM swap was changed to <literal>zstd</literal>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The scripted networking system now uses <literal>.link</literal> files in
|
|
<literal>/etc/systemd/network</literal> to configure mac address and link MTU,
|
|
instead of the sometimes buggy <literal>network-link-*</literal> units, which
|
|
have been removed.
|
|
Bringing the interface up has been moved to the beginning of the
|
|
<literal>network-addresses-*</literal> unit.
|
|
Note this doesn't require <command>systemd-networkd</command> - it's udev that
|
|
parses <literal>.link</literal> files.
|
|
Extra care needs to be taken in the presence of <link xlink:href="https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkInterfaceNames#THE_.22PERSISTENT_NAMES.22_SCHEME">legacy udev rules</link>
|
|
to rename interfaces, as MAC Address and MTU defined in these options can only match on the original link name.
|
|
In such cases, you most likely want to create a <literal>10-*.link</literal> file through <xref linkend="opt-systemd.network.links"/> and set both name and MAC Address / MTU there.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
<listitem>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Grafana received a major update to version 7.x. A plugin is now needed for
|
|
image rendering support, and plugins must now be signed by default. More
|
|
information can be found
|
|
<link xlink:href="https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/installation/upgrading/#upgrading-to-v7-0">in the Grafana documentation</link>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|