diff --git a/DemoApp.cpp b/DemoApp.cpp
index 21a088a..5752dad 100644
--- a/DemoApp.cpp
+++ b/DemoApp.cpp
@@ -35,18 +35,19 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
     {
         windowManager
             = new VerticalTilingWindowManager(Root_Window, &ncursesMutex);
+        topWindowManager
+            = new HorizontalTilingWindowManager(new Window(), &ncursesMutex);
 
-        dummyWindowTop = new Window(windowManager);
+        windowManager->addWindow(topWindowManager);
         ptyWindow = new PtyWindow(&ncursesMutex, 0, 0, 0, 0);
         windowManager->addWindow(ptyWindow);
         dummyWindowBottom = new Window(windowManager);
         windowManager->updateLayout();
         windowManager->refresh();
 
-        topWindowManager
-            = new HorizontalTilingWindowManager(dummyWindowTop, &ncursesMutex);
         dummyWindowTopLeft = new Window(topWindowManager);
         dummyWindowTopRight = new Window(topWindowManager);
+
         topWindowManager->updateLayout();
         topWindowManager->refresh();
     }
@@ -93,10 +94,10 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
                         windowManager->updateLayout();
                         break;
                     case KEY_F(1):
-                        if(dummyWindowTop->isHidden())
-                            windowManager->showWindow(dummyWindowTop);
+                        if(topWindowManager->isHidden())
+                            windowManager->showWindow(topWindowManager);
                         else
-                            windowManager->hideWindow(dummyWindowTop);
+                            windowManager->hideWindow(topWindowManager);
                         windowManager->updateLayout();
                         windowManager->refresh();
                         break;
diff --git a/DemoApp.hpp b/DemoApp.hpp
index 2cdabbf..1d2470a 100644
--- a/DemoApp.hpp
+++ b/DemoApp.hpp
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
         private:
             VerticalTilingWindowManager *windowManager;
             HorizontalTilingWindowManager *topWindowManager;
-            Window *dummyWindowTop, *dummyWindowBottom, *dummyWindowTopLeft,
+            Window *dummyWindowBottom, *dummyWindowTopLeft,
                    *dummyWindowTopRight;
             PtyWindow *ptyWindow;
             std::recursive_mutex ncursesMutex;
diff --git a/HorizontalTilingWindowManager.cpp b/HorizontalTilingWindowManager.cpp
index e055c73..d429f61 100644
--- a/HorizontalTilingWindowManager.cpp
+++ b/HorizontalTilingWindowManager.cpp
@@ -19,16 +19,17 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
 
     void HorizontalTilingWindowManager::updateLayout()
     {
+        scoped_lock lock(*ncursesMutex);
+
         size_t stackSize = visibleStack.size();
         if(stackSize == 0)
         {
-            rootWindow->clear();
+            clear();
             return;
         }
 
-        scoped_lock lock(*ncursesMutex);
-        int availableWidth = rootWindow->width();
-        int availableHeight = rootWindow->height();
+        int availableWidth = width();
+        int availableHeight = height();
         int windowWidth =  availableWidth / stackSize - 1;
 
         if((windowWidth + 1) * stackSize < availableWidth)
@@ -43,8 +44,8 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
             resizeWindow(*it++, availableHeight, windowWidth, 0, x);
             x += windowWidth;
             {
-                rootWindow->move(0, x++);
-                rootWindow->vline(availableHeight);
+                move(0, x++);
+                vline(availableHeight);
             }
         }
         resizeWindow(*it, availableHeight, availableWidth - x, 0, x);
diff --git a/TilingWindowManager.cpp b/TilingWindowManager.cpp
index 1e0abf0..e4a7e56 100644
--- a/TilingWindowManager.cpp
+++ b/TilingWindowManager.cpp
@@ -12,10 +12,9 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
     using std::list;
     using std::recursive_mutex;
     using std::scoped_lock;
-    using std::find;
 
     TilingWindowManager::TilingWindowManager(NCursesWindow *rootWindow, recursive_mutex *ncursesMutex)
-            : rootWindow(new Window(*rootWindow)), ncursesMutex(ncursesMutex)
+            : Window(*rootWindow), ncursesMutex(ncursesMutex)
     {}
 
     void TilingWindowManager::addWindow(Window *window)
@@ -50,18 +49,29 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
         }
     }
 
-    void TilingWindowManager::refresh()
+    int TilingWindowManager::resize(int rows, int cols)
+    {
+        int result = Window::resize(rows, cols);
+        updateLayout();
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    int TilingWindowManager::refresh()
     {
         scoped_lock lock(*ncursesMutex);
 
-        rootWindow->refresh();
+        int result = Window::refresh();
+
         for(Window *window : visibleStack)
+            // @todo there are return values; compound them?
             window->refresh();
+
+        return result;
     }
 
     SingleUserInput TilingWindowManager::readSingleUserInput()
     {
-        return rootWindow->readSingleUserInput();
+        return Window::readSingleUserInput();
     }
 
     void TilingWindowManager::resizeWindow(Window *window, uint16_t height, uint16_t width, uint16_t y, uint16_t x)
diff --git a/VerticalTilingWindowManager.cpp b/VerticalTilingWindowManager.cpp
index 53a1348..d186140 100644
--- a/VerticalTilingWindowManager.cpp
+++ b/VerticalTilingWindowManager.cpp
@@ -19,16 +19,17 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
 
     void VerticalTilingWindowManager::updateLayout()
     {
+        scoped_lock lock(*ncursesMutex);
+
         size_t stackSize = visibleStack.size();
         if(stackSize == 0)
         {
-            rootWindow->clear();
+            clear();
             return;
         }
 
-        scoped_lock lock(*ncursesMutex);
-        int availableWidth = rootWindow->width();
-        int availableHeight = rootWindow->height();
+        int availableWidth = width();
+        int availableHeight = height();
         int windowHeight =  availableHeight / stackSize - 1;
 
         if((windowHeight + 1) * stackSize < availableHeight)
@@ -43,8 +44,8 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
             resizeWindow(*it++, windowHeight, availableWidth, y, 0);
             y += windowHeight;
             {
-                rootWindow->move(y++, 0);
-                rootWindow->hline(availableWidth);
+                move(y++, 0);
+                hline(availableWidth);
             }
         }
         resizeWindow(*it, availableHeight - y, availableWidth, y, 0);
diff --git a/Window.cpp b/Window.cpp
index 1f721b2..d7e1b1a 100644
--- a/Window.cpp
+++ b/Window.cpp
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 
 namespace krikkel::NCurses
 {
+    Window::Window() : NCursesWindow(0, 0, 0, 0)
+    {}
+
     Window::Window(TilingWindowManager *windowManager)
             : NCursesWindow(0, 0, 0, 0)
     {
diff --git a/include/kNCurses/TilingWindowManager.hpp b/include/kNCurses/TilingWindowManager.hpp
index 7c336ae..94be308 100644
--- a/include/kNCurses/TilingWindowManager.hpp
+++ b/include/kNCurses/TilingWindowManager.hpp
@@ -6,21 +6,21 @@
 #ifndef C51BA18F_0915_43B9_BD5D_129F0CDBC1CD
 #define C51BA18F_0915_43B9_BD5D_129F0CDBC1CD
 
-#include <ncursesw/cursesw.h>
+#include "Window.hpp"
 #include <list>
 #include <mutex>
 
 namespace krikkel::NCurses
 {
-    class Window;
     class SingleUserInput;
 
-    class TilingWindowManager
+    class TilingWindowManager : public Window
     {
         public:
             TilingWindowManager(NCursesWindow *rootWindow, std::recursive_mutex *ncursesMutex);
             void addWindow(Window *window);
-            void refresh();
+            int resize(int rows, int cols) override;
+            int refresh() override;
             virtual void updateLayout() = 0;
 
             void hideWindow(Window *window);
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
             SingleUserInput readSingleUserInput();
 
         protected:
-            Window *rootWindow;
             std::recursive_mutex *ncursesMutex;
             std::list<Window *> stack, visibleStack;
 
diff --git a/include/kNCurses/Window.hpp b/include/kNCurses/Window.hpp
index a8ae8b2..d5638a5 100644
--- a/include/kNCurses/Window.hpp
+++ b/include/kNCurses/Window.hpp
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ namespace krikkel::NCurses
         friend class TilingWindowManager;
 
         public:
+            Window();
             Window(TilingWindowManager *windowManager);
             Window(const NCursesWindow &window);
             Window(int lines, int columns, int y, int x);